Nurturing (al-tarbiyah) has become an increasingly important concern in the modern world because of its lasting influence on the formation of the generation that will shape the nation's future and its ability to face the challenges ahead. From this starting point, this study traces the historical and intellectual roots of nurturing in Greek speculative thought and explores the influence those roots have continued to exert, taking into account the different readings that have emerged across times and places. At the heart of the study is Plato's conception of nurturing and the ways in which it continued to develop beyond him. Plato occupies a distinctive place in the history of nurturing because he helped bring it out of a transcendent, mythological setting and into a distinctly human sphere, giving it a rational foundation within a particular ethical and political order. The study presents this early ideal model as one that would later become a point of reference for many intellectual traditions, from the medieval period through modernity and into the contemporary world. As the idea travelled across different intellectual landscapes, it gave rise to varied interpretations grounded in religious, rational, and secular traditions. The study's broader aim, therefore, is to trace the idea through its diversity, its wide-ranging influence, and its early place in the history of thought. To explore the problem and address its central question, the researcher draws on several complementary approaches. Comparative analysis is used to illuminate the philosophical concepts involved, while analytic approach is used to examines key philosophical texts by Plato and Aristotle. The study also brings Greek philosophy into dialogue with contemporary thought, focusing on the ideas and elements they share. The study's examination of the foundations of Plato's philosophy of nurturing shows that he placed nurturing among the responsibilities of the city, regarding it as both a social duty and a fundamental means of bringing the virtuous city into being. Other philosophers, by comparison, assigned nurturing primarily to domestic politics and did not set out a clearly defined program of nurturing and education. In the Republic, Plato explores how a city can be constituted politically and socially through the establishment of justice in the individual, society, and the state. His political thought is distinguished by a demonstrative and systematic approach: he sought to move politics beyond dialectical contention, sophistry, and rhetoric. The same tendency runs through much of his philosophical work as a whole.